{"id":491,"date":"2020-08-15T21:22:03","date_gmt":"2020-08-15T13:22:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.notown.club\/?p=491"},"modified":"2020-08-22T10:34:12","modified_gmt":"2020-08-22T02:34:12","slug":"c-stl%e5%ba%93%e6%b3%9b%e5%9e%8b%e7%ae%97%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/?p=491","title":{"rendered":"C++ STL\u5e93\u6cdb\u578b\u7b97\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u5934\u6587\u4ef6algorithm\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u7684\u5728numeric\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7ed9\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5c31\u80fd\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u548c\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6709\u5173\uff08\u6bd4\u5982== > &lt;\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u8f7d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6cdb\u578b\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u53ea\u8bfb\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001find(it_begin,it_end,dst);\/\/\u67e5\u627e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2dit_begin\u4e3a\u5bfb\u627e\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0cit_end\u4e3a\u5bfb\u627e\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0cdst\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u503c\u3002\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u8981\u6362\u6210\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u53ef\u7528begin(arr)\uff0cend(arr)\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2\u3001accumulate(it_begin,it_end,src);\/\/\u7d2f\u52a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2dit_begin\u4e3a\u7d2f\u52a0\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0cit_end\u4e3a\u7d2f\u52a0\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0csrc\u4e3a\u7d2f\u52a0\u524d\u521d\u503c\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3\u3001equal(it1_begin,it1_end,it2_begin)\/\/\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u5199\u5bb9\u5668\u5143\u7d20\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>fill(it_begin,it_end,val);\/\/\u5c06it_begin()\u5230it_end()\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6570\u90fd\u7f6e\u4e3aval<br>fill_n(it\u00ad_begin,size,val);\/\/\u5c06it_begin\u5f00\u59cb\u7684size\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u7f6e\u4e3aval<br>\uff08\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001back_inserter\u63d2\u5165\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> \u63d2\u5165\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u5f80\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u6307\u5411\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8d4b\u503c\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u90fd\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8epush_back\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> vector&lt;int> vec;\n auto it = back_inserter(vec);\/\/\u83b7\u53d6vec\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\n *it = 42;\/\/\u63d2\u5165\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d2042\n *it = 43;\/\/\u63d2\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d2043  <\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u56db\u3001\u62f7\u8d1d\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001copy(it1_begin,it1_end,it2_begin);<br>\u5c06\u8303\u56f41\u7684\u503c\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230it2_begin\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\uff08\u524d\u63d0:\u5bb9\u56682\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2\u3001replace(it_begin,it_end,0,42);<br>\u5c06\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u76840\u66ff\u6362\u621042<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3\u3001 replace_copy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">vector&lt;int> vec;<br>replace_copy(it_cbegin,it_cend,back_inserter(vec),0,42);<br>\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u539f\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u503c\u590d\u5236\u5230vec\u4e2d\u518d\u628a0\u6539\u621042<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u4e94\u3001\u91cd\u6392\u5bb9\u5668\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001sort(it_begin,it_end); <br>sort\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6309\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u6536\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f62\u53c2\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3asort\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5b9a\u5236\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7c7b\u91cc\u91cd\u8f7d&lt;\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2\u3001\u6d88\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20<br>\u5148sort\u51fd\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u518d\u7528unique\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u628a\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u653e\u5230\u6700\u540e\uff08\u540c\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6709\u6548\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7528erase\u5c06\u6b64\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u6700\u672b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5220\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">vector&lt;int> arr{ 1 ,2,3,3,3,4,5,6,6,7,8 };\nauto end_unique = unique(arr.begin(), arr.end());\/\/\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86arr.begin()\u5230end_unique\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\narr.erase(end_unique, arr.end());\/\/\u5220\u6389end_unique\u5230arr.end()\u540e\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002 <\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u516d\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u5bb9\u5668\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u94fe\u8868list\u548cforward_list\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5.\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u72ec\u6709\u7684<strong>sort<\/strong>\u3001<strong>merge<\/strong>\u3001<strong>remove<\/strong>\u3001<strong>reverse<\/strong>\u548c<strong>unique<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684sort\u8981\u6c42\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8elist\u548cforward_list\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u4ec5\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cc\u5411\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u548c\u524d\u5411\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1818\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/www.notown.club\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_20200815211700.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-500\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2776\" height=\"436\" src=\"https:\/\/www.notown.club\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/dd432743cccdf8d47bae06c803995fc.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-501\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2944\" height=\"1348\" src=\"https:\/\/www.notown.club\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/cd202de8221863695837cd2971c8da2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-502\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u4e03\u3001lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C++\u4e2d\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u53ef\u8c03\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u3001\u91cd\u8f7d\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u7c7b\u3001lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002lambda\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u547d\u540d\u7684\u5185\u8054\u51fd\u6570\u3002<br> \u5f62\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br>  <strong>[capture list]   (parameter list) ->return type { function body }<\/strong><br> <strong>capture list<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2alambda\u6240\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7a7a\u7684<strong>capture list<\/strong>\u8868\u660e\u6b64lambda\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0creturn type\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c<strong>parameter list<\/strong>\u662f\u5f62\u53c2\u5217\u8868\uff0c<strong>function body<\/strong>\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u3002<br> \u5f53\u65e0\u9700\u5f62\u53c2\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5f53\u53ea\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<br> \u4f46\u5fc5\u987b\u6c38\u8fdc\u5305\u542b<strong>capture list<\/strong>\u548c<strong>function body<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">auto f = [] { return 42; };\ncout &lt;&lt; f() &lt;&lt;endl;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\uff0cfind_if(it_begin,it_end,\u6761\u4ef6)\/\/\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<br>find_if\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570<strong>\u53ea\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u5143\u8c13\u8bcd<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u5f62\u53c2\u7684\u8bdd\u53ea\u80fd\u7528lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5199\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8981\u53d8\u6210capture list\u91cc\u7684\u6355\u83b7\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u6240\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<br>\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8esz\u7684\u67d0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<br>sz = 5;<br>auto wc = find_if(it_begin,it_end,[sz] (const string &amp;str) { return str.size() >= sz;} );<br> \/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u6ee1\u8db3size\u5927\u4e8esz\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2508\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.notown.club\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/057252a1a2c3afd01625dd3abdfe47c.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-503\"\/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u5934\u6587\u4ef6algorithm\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u7684\u5728numeric\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7ed9\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5c31\u80fd\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c&hellip;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/?p=491\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">C++ STL\u5e93\u6cdb\u578b\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=491"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":504,"href":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/491\/revisions\/504"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}