{"id":361,"date":"2020-04-02T10:39:38","date_gmt":"2020-04-02T02:39:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.notown.club\/?p=361"},"modified":"2020-04-05T22:54:46","modified_gmt":"2020-04-05T14:54:46","slug":"c%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%ef%bc%88%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%e4%b8%80%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.notown.top\/?p=361","title":{"rendered":"C++\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e00\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u5f62\u53c2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6570\u7ec4\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u786e\u5207\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u6307\u9488\u5f62\u53c2\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u8bb0\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u957f\u5ea6<\/strong>
\u8981\u6c42\u6570\u7ec4\u672c\u8eab\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982c\u98ce\u683c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

void pri(const char* cp)
 {
    if (cp)\/\/\u82e5cp\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7a\u6307\u9488
        while(*cp)\/\/\u82e5\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e0d\u662f\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26
            cout<< *(cp++);\/\/\u8f93\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5b57\u7b26\u5e76\u5c06\u6307\u9488\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u4e00\u4f4d
 }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\u4e14\u8be5\u6807\u8bb0\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u6570\u636e\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u50cfint\u8fd9\u6837\u6240\u6709\u53d6\u503c\u90fd\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u503c\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u4e0d\u592a\u6709\u6548\u4e86<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u89c4\u8303<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f20\u9012\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5c3e\u540e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6307\u9488<\/p>\n\n\n\n
void pri(const int*beg, const int *end)
 {
     while (beg!=end)\/\/\u8f93\u51fabeg\u5230end\u4e4b\u95f4\uff08\u4e0d\u542bend\uff09\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20
           cout<< *(beg++) <<endl;\/\/\u8f93\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u5c06\u6307\u9488\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e
 }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3 \u3001\u663e\u793a\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u6570\u7ec4\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5f62\u53c2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e13\u95e8\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u6570\u7ec4\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5f62\u53c2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
void pri(const int ia[],size_t size)
 {
   for(size_t i=0;i!=size;++i)
     cout<< ia[i]<<endl;
 }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4f20\u5165<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5c06\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u662f\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ef4\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u9762\u6240\u6709\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff09\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u90fd\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
void d3arr(int(*arr)[10], int rowsize)
 {
     for (int i = 0; i < rowsize; ++i)
     {
         for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j)
             arr[i][j] *= 2;
     }
 }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u670910\u5217\uff0crowsize\u884c\u3002
\u6ce8\u610f\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570int(*arr)[10]
\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u542b\u670910\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u5143\u7d20\uff0c
\u6ce8\u610f\u62ec\u53f7\u4e0d\u80fd\u7701\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u6539\u53d8\u6210\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u91cc\u670910\u4e2a\u6574\u578b\u6307\u9488\u3002
\u5f53\u7136\u5982\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff1a
void d3arr(int arr [][10], int rowsize)\uff1b<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e09\u3001main:\u9884\u5904\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
int main(int argc, char argv[]){\/<\/em> \u2026*\/}<\/code>
(\u6216\u5b9a\u4e49\u6210int main(int argc, char ** argv<\/code>)\u4e5f\u884c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5f62\u53c2argv\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u6307\u5411c\u98ce\u683c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f62\u53c2argc\u8868\u793a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6709\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8fprog.exe\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fd0\u884c
prog.exe plaintext.txt
argv[0]\u4e3a\u201dprog.exe\u201d;
argv[1]\u4e3a\u201dplaintext.txt\u201d;
\u5373\u4ed6\u4f1a\u8bfb\u5165plaintext.txt\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u53c2\u6570
\uff08\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u9009\u9879\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u662f\u4ece1\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u800c0\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u56db\u3001\u542b\u53ef\u53d8\u5f62\u53c2\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
C++11\u65b0\u6807\u51c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a
\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b9e\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3ainitializer_list\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5b9e\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u53c2\u6570\u6a21\u677f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u672a\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5168\u90e8\u5b9e\u53c2\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528initializer_list\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f62\u53c2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
void error_msg(initializer_list i1)
 {
     for (auto beg = i1.begin(); beg != i1.end(); ++beg)
         cout << *beg << \" \";
     cout << endl;
 }<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u4e0a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u82e5\u5e72\u6761string\uff0c\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u51fa\u6765\u3002
\u4f46\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u6570\u8981\u5199\u5728{}\u91cc
\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
string s1=\u201dsss\u201d;
error_msg({\u201caaa\u201d,s1});<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u5de6\u503c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u79cd\u5b50\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u5c06\u6307\u5411\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u4f60\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u5de6\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
char &get_val(string &str, string::size_type ix)
 {
 return str[ix];
 }
 string s=\u201da value\u201d;
 get_val(s,0)=\u2019A\u2019;\/\/\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8es[0]=\u2019A\u2019;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u516d\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
C++\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u82e5\u5e72\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u53c2\u5217\u8868\u5e94\u6709\u660e\u663e\u533a\u522b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\u6216\u8005\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4f46\u5f62\u53c2\u7684\u7684\u9876\u5c42const\u7684\u6709\u65e0\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7b97\u662f\u660e\u663e\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
void fcn (const int i){\/* \u2026 \/}\/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u80fd\u8bfbi\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u5199i<\/code>
void fcn (int i){\/ \u2026*\/}\/\/\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u5b9a\u4e49<\/code>
 \uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5e95\u5c42const\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u51fd\u6570\u7684\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d\uff1a<\/strong>
\u5982\u679c\u540c\u4e00\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5185\u7684\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u5b57\u76f8\u540c\u4f46\u5f62\u53c2\u5217\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u5b57\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8ba9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u51fd\u6570\u91cd\u8f7d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u51cf\u8f7b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u8d77\u540d\u5b57\u3001\u8bb0\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002
\u51fd\u6570\u5339\u914d\uff1a<\/strong>
\u628a\u672c\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u91cd\u8f7d\u786e\u5b9a\u3002
\u51fd\u6570\u5339\u914d\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a
\u2460\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u5b9e\u53c2\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6210\u529f\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570
\u2461\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u53c2\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u65e0\u5339\u914d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f
\u2462\u6709\u591a\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u4e5f\u5c06\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\uff08\u4e8c\u4e49\u6027\u8c03\u7528\uff09
\u51fd\u6570\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a
1\u3001\u627e\u51fa\u540c\u540d\u7684 
2\u3001\u627e\u51fa\u53ef\u884c\u7684 
3\u3001\u9009\u51fa\u6700\u4f73\u7684\uff08\u6700\u4f73\u5339\u914d\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u62a5\u9519\uff09
\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u4f73\u5339\u914d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5b9e\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u5f62\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u8d8a\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u529b\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5339\u914d\u5f97\u8d8a\u597d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5f53\u5b58\u5728\u5b9e\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u529b\u5ea6\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5e8f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\u3001\u7cbe\u786e\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a
\n  \u2460\u5b9e\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5f62\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u76f8\u540c\u3002
\n  \u2461\u5b9e\u53c2\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b
\n  \u2462\u5411\u5b9e\u53c2\u6dfb\u52a0\u9876\u5c42const\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u5b9e\u53c2\u5220\u9664\u9876\u5c42const
\n2\u3001\u901a\u8fc7const\u8f6c\u6362\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff08\u9488\u5bf9\u5e95\u5c42const\uff09
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